Sunday, November 11, 2012

T.S. Eliot's widow Valerie Eliot dies at 86

LONDON (AP) ? Valerie Eliot, the widow of T.S. Eliot and zealous guardian of the poet's literary legacy for almost half a century, has died. She was 86.

In a statement Sunday, the Eliot estate said Valerie Eliot died two days before at her London home after a short illness.

Born Valerie Fletcher in Leeds, northern England, on Aug. 17, 1926, Eliot was the second wife of the U.S.-born Nobel literature laureate. She met him at London publisher Faber & Faber, where he was a director and she a star-struck secretary who had been a fan of his work since her teenage years.

"I felt I knew him as a person" from his poems, she told The Independent newspaper in 1994, "and evidently I did."

The poet's first marriage, to the mercurial Vivienne Haigh-Wood, had been unhappy; she died in an asylum in 1947.

He and Valerie wed in 1957, and friends described the marriage as a happy one despite the almost 40-year gap in their ages.

Valerie Eliot later recalled that their routine included evenings at home eating cheese and playing Scrabble and trips to the theater.

"He obviously needed a happy marriage," she later said. "He wouldn't die until he'd had it."

After T.S. Eliot's death in 1965, Valerie became his executor, editing his poems and letters for publication and steadfastly refusing to cooperate with would-be biographers, in keeping with the poet's last wishes.

She did, however, welcome the unlikely idea of a stage musical based on a volume of Eliot's whimsical verses, "Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats." It became the Andrew Lloyd Webber musical "Cats," a global hit that brought in huge sums for the Eliot estate.

Valerie Eliot used some of the windfall to set up a literary charity, Old Possum's Practical Trust. She also funded the T.S. Eliot Prize, an annual award for poetry.

She oversaw publication of a much-praised facsimile edition of T.S. Eliot's modernist masterpiece "The Waste Land" ? whose bleakness was thought by some to have been influenced by his first marriage ? and edited multiple volumes of letters that gave scholars new insights into the intensely private poet.

The latter was a long and unfinished project ? the third volume of letters, published earlier this year, reaches only to 1927.

Valerie Eliot rarely gave interviews, but did speak to The Independent in 1994 on the release of the movie "Tom and Viv," which portrayed the poet's first wife as an adventurous spirit neglected by an unfeeling husband. Valerie defended T.S. Eliot against the allegation of neglect in his first marriage.

"Tom tried very hard and for a very long time to make a go of it, and he's never given credit for that, is he?" she said.

A death notice in the Daily Telegraph newspaper said there would be a private funeral at St. Stephen's Church, where the Eliots both had worshipped, near their home in west London.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/t-eliots-widow-valerie-eliot-dies-86-163116521.html

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    Software converts your speech into Chinese -- Science ...

    Translator

    ? Microsoft Research
    Microsoft's Chief Research Officer, Rick Rashid, recently demonstrated software under development that translated his English remarks into spoken Mandarin Chinese.

    Ever wondered what you'd sound like if you were fluent in Chinese, French or another language you don't know? New software that's in development might give you an idea. Microsoft has created a program designed to provide on-the-fly, spoken translations, in the user's own voice.

    "We may not have to wait until the 22nd century for a usable equivalent of Star Trek's universal translator," Rick Rashid, Microsoft's chief research officer, wrote in a blog post Nov. 8. Microsoft's translator still makes errors at a noticeable rate, but significantly improves on previous speech translators, Rashid said.

    "The results can sometimes be humorous," he said. "Still, the technology has developed to be quite useful."

    Rashid presented the software on Oct. 25, getting some of his remarks translated into Mandarin Chinese during a conference held in Tianjin, China.

    In a video Microsoft posted online, the software's Chinese voice doesn't sound exactly like Rashid, but it does have the same general tone:


    One of the biggest challenges in making the software came in getting it to recognize what users say, Rashid said. Computer scientists have been working on this problem virtually since computers were invented, and the fruits of a generation of research include the automated systems that U.S. banks use for call-in customer service ("Please enter or say your account number now"). In those systems, the speech recognizer only has to understand digits and perhaps some menu options, such as "make a transfer" or "bank hours."

    It's more difficult for computers to understand freewheeling conversation, however. Until recently, speech-recognizing programs could only understand 75 to 80 percent of the words a person might say during a conversation, Rashid said. Microsoft Research has been working on improving that rate, he said, by using Deep Neural Networks, which are connected networks of computer processors that act a little like the connections between cells in human and animal brains. Google used the same technique this summer to build a computer that taught itself to recognize cat pictures on the Internet.

    Microsoft's speech recognizer can correctly identify 86 to 88 percent of the words in arbitrary speech, Rashid said. "While still far from perfect, this is the most dramatic change in accuracy since the introduction of hidden Markov modeling in 1979," he said, referring to a landmark moment in the history of speech-recognition research. Hidden Markov modeling, a statistical technique, allowed researchers to incorporate recordings from several people into their speech models, Rashid explained.

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    "There is still much work to be done, but the technology is very promising, and we hope that in a few years we will have systems that can completely break down language barriers," Rashid said.

    Source: http://www.sott.net/article/253329-Software-converts-your-speech-into-Chinese

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    Saturday, November 10, 2012

    Anderson Cooper talks Gaydar to Letterman (video) (Americablog)

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    Social Security: Yahoo Just Explains It Wrong - Business Insider

    Yahoo?s short ?Just Explain It? video?on Social Security seriously misrepresented the financial situation of the program. The segment misled viewers on both the magnitude of the demographic? changes affecting? the programs finances and also the impact of the projected shortfall.

    ?The piece told viewers:

    ?Back in 1950, there were 7.11 workers per retiree. That number today is 4.5 and in 30 years, economists estimate that number will be 2.6 workers for every retiree.?

    The Social Security trustees report actually puts the ratio of covered workers to retirees at 16.5 to 1 in 1950 and just 2.8 in 2012. It is projected to be 2.2 in 30 years.

    The difference is important because most of the drop in the ratio of workers to retirees has already occurred. Astute readers will note that on average workers and retirees both enjoy considerably higher living standards today than in 1950 in spite of the sharp decline in the ratio of workers to retirees.

    The reason this happened is that the impact of productivity growth swamps in raising living standards swamps any negative impact of demographic changes in lowering living standards. As the chart below shows, the gains from even modest rates of productivity growth vastly exceed the impact of the projected decline in the ratio of workers to retirees. ?

    ?????????????????????? Source: Social Security Administration and author's calculations.

    ?

    It is true that most workers have seen little benefit from the gains in productivity growth over the last three decades. This has been due to the huge upward redistribution of income over this period. If this pattern continues then there will be grounds for worrying about the living standards of most of our children and grandchildren. However, this highlights the need to address the policies that have increased in equality and not to waste time worrying about demographic issues.

    Finally the piece badly misrepresents the meaning of the shortfall in the Social Security trust fund projected for 2033. This projected shortfall does not mean that the program would pay zero benefits, it means that it could only pay about 75 percent of scheduled benefits (closer to 80 percent in the Congressional Budget Office projections).

    Because benefits are projected to rise through time, this would still be a larger benefit than most retirees receive today. More importantly, it is almost inconceivable that in a country where beneficiaries comprise 25 percent more of the voting population than at present that Congress would sit back and do nothing when Social Security could no longer pay full benefits.

    If we actually reached this point, most likely there? would be some emergency commission established to work out a solution as happened when the program faced a shortfall in 1982. No one ended up missing a check. Since the size of the projected shortfall is smaller relative ?to the size of the economy than the annual costs of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, it should not be that difficult to figure out how to come up with the money.

    In short, Yahoo has given a late Halloween scare story. It has not explained Social Security to its readers at all.

    Read more posts on CEPR ?

    Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/social-security-yahoo-just-explains-it-wrong-2012-11

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    A Message From Us Rich Plutocrats To All You ... - Business Insider

    This is a response to an excerpt from Chrystia Freeland?s Plutocrats: The Rise of the New Global Super-Rich and the Fall of Everyone Else, published in October by Penguin Press.

    Nick Hanauer is a successful entrepreneur and the author of Gardens Of Democracy: A New American Story Of Citizenship, the Economy, and The Role Of Government.

    It?s great to be what you people are now calling a plutocrat.? I know.? I am one.

    We plutocrats live incredible lives, surrounded by luxury and insulated from risk and discomfort.? Things have gone very well for us over the last several years.? Since George Bush left office, the stock market has doubled, we got a (sweet!) $700 billion rescue of the financial system, and corporate profits are at a 50-year high.? BOOYA!

    The growing economic distance between people like me and the little people like you hasn?t been this great in a long, long time. ?You may call that inequality.? We call it freedom.? But if things are going to continue to go this well, you people need to get with the program.? Here, I?d like to have a frank discussion about that.

    It is something of a puzzle to many of you little people why we plutocrats, who have benefitted most from these trends, view President Obama with such intense disdain. Why, you might ask, given how good the economy has been to you plutocrats, are you so maniacally angry?

    ?Maybe,? you say to yourself, ?I just don?t understand economics.? ?I?ll let you in on a little secret.?? You understand economics just fine. What you don?t understand is that this fight isn?t about economics. ?It?s about status, privileges and power.

    People like me don?t hate Obama because he?s going to raise our taxes, although we hate that plenty.? We hate him because his views about the importance and primacy of the middle class diminish our status.? The threat he represents isn?t economic; it?s existential.? It?s not just our pocket books that are threatened, but, more importantly, our prestige and our influence on this country.? Our manhood is at stake.

    Facts are for little people.

    We plutocrats have a long and proud history of controlling human societies, and the belief systems that we create about how the world works enable us to do that. ??Earth is the center of the solar system? was a useful one for us in the past. ??Lowering taxes on the rich produces growth? is one of our current favorites.? You show me an orthodox belief, and I?ll show you plutocrats who benefit from it.

    We understand human nature well enough to know that people believe and accept ideas for all sorts of reasons, but rarely because of facts or evidence.? ?Mostly, people believe what suits them, what makes them feel good.? And what makes us feel good is a set of beliefs that reinforce our status, privileges and power.

    So it?s both annoying and hilarious that you people think you?re going to be able to talk us out of being plutocrats with ?evidence? or ?facts?.? Our current position and power is the only fact we care about. And we viscerally hate anyone who has the temerity to challenge it.

    When Jack or Mitt or I call ourselves ?Job Creators?, it isn?t because it?s true or that there is any evidence for it. It?s because being a job creator puts us right at the center of the economic universe ? where we deserve to be.? This belief system isn?t just convenient to us, although it is. It?s essential in order to justify our status and power.

    We used to call this divine right.? Today we call it ?economics?.

    You say democracy.? We say plutocracy.

    You need to understand that as job creators, at the center of the economic universe, the better we do, the better it must be for you.? In particular, the richer we get and the less constrained by law and regulation we are, the more jobs will trickle downward.? Basically, the less we plutocrats contribute to society in tax, and the less constrained we are, the better it is for you and everyone else.? ?And you thought we didn?t care!

    Courtesy Gulfstream

    Maybe someday I'll give you a job serving me on my plane.

    You need to accept as fact the idea that all prosperity trickles down from the top. That means that, economically speaking, we plutocrats matter.? It also means that you don?t matter.? Tax cuts for the rich create growth and jobs.? Investments in the middle class and the poor balloon the deficit and will bankrupt this great country.? National budget priorities that reflect this will be great for you and your family.? Really.

    A bard once said that plutocrats hate regulation for the same reason that robbers hate cops.? That?s a cheap shot, and underappreciates the sophistication of our argument.? Since we are the ?job creators?, any restraint on us necessarily decreases the jobs that trickle down to you.? That?s why we deserve a free hand to run the country in whatever way suits us best.? You show me a country with limited government and regulation, and I?ll show you some happy plutocrats busily ?job-creating?.

    Get With The Program!

    So what?s puzzling you about why we hate Obama?? He?s in our way.? And that?s a much bigger threat to us than higher tax rates. Our incredible sway over politics, the economy and culture is being challenged.

    Repeat after me.? You sir, are a job creator and the richer you get, the better off my family will be.? Regulation is bad, and the less of it we have, the better off my family will be.? Never forget these things.? And never forget that the rising inequality you see all around isn?t a sign of decay.?? It?s a sign of prosperity.? Get with the program.? Now.? Or we will fire you.

    SEE ALSO: Finally, A Rich American Destroys The Fiction That Rich People Create Jobs

    Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/a-message-from-us-rich-plutocrats-to-all-you-little-people-2012-11

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